Codility - [Lesson2] OddOccurrencesInArray

문제

A non-empty zero-indexed array A consisting of N integers is given. The array contains an odd number of elements, and each element of the array can be paired with another element that has the same value, except for one element that is left unpaired.

For example, in array A such that:

A[0] = 9 A[1] = 3 A[2] = 9 A[3] = 3 A[4] = 9 A[5] = 7 A[6] = 9

• the elements at indexes 0 and 2 have value 9,
• the elements at indexes 1 and 3 have value 3,
• the elements at indexes 4 and 6 have value 9,
• the element at index 5 has value 7 and is unpaired.

Write a function:

class Solution { public int solution(int[] A); }

that, given an array A consisting of N integers fulfilling the above conditions, returns the value of the unpaired element.

For example, given array A such that:

A[0] = 9 A[1] = 3 A[2] = 9 A[3] = 3 A[4] = 9 A[5] = 7 A[6] = 9

the function should return 7, as explained in the example above.

Assume that:

• N is an odd integer within the range [1..1,000,000];
• each element of array A is an integer within the range [1..1,000,000,000];
• all but one of the values in A occur an even number of times.

Complexity:

• expected worst-case time complexity is O(N);
• expected worst-case space complexity is O(1), beyond input storage (not counting the storage required for input arguments).

문제요약

주어진 배열에서 짝이 맞지 않는 수를 찾아라.

문제풀이

python의 reduce라는 함수와 xor 연산자의 성질(9^9=0)을 이용해서 풀수 있다.

from functools import reduce
def solution(A):
    # write your code in Python 3.6
    return reduce(lambda x,y: x^y, A)